What is the purpose of SSL in online communications?

The purpose of SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) in online communications is to enable encrypted and authenticated communications between a client and a server. SSL is a cryptographic protocol that establishes a secure channel over an insecure network, like the internet. When SSL is implemented in a web server, it protects data transmitted between a user's web browser and the server, ensuring that even if the data is intercepted, it cannot be read by unauthorized parties.

SSL works by encrypting the information exchanged, which protects sensitive data such as credit card numbers, personal information, and login credentials. Additionally, SSL provides authentication by ensuring that the parties involved in the communication are who they claim to be, usually verified through certificates issued by trusted entities known as Certificate Authorities (CAs). This dual function of encryption and authentication establishes a high level of trust and security for online transactions, making it an essential technology for e-commerce and secure communications online.